关系词 说明 成分 备注 who 代替人 主语、宾语 作宾语时可以省略 whom 代替人 宾语 whose 代替人或物 定语 which 代替物 主语、宾语 that 代替人或物 主语、宾语

The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩们来自一班。

Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

足球是一项大部分男孩喜欢的运动。

Is there anyone in your department whose father is a painter？你们系里有谁的父亲是画家吗？

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.＝The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

门坏了的教室将很快会被修理。

二、"介词＋关系代词"引导的定语从句

1．关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由"介词＋关系代词"引导。

The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.＝The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读的学校非常有名。

2．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

The man with whom you talked is my friend.

和你说话的那个人是我的朋友。

The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.我们乘坐的去加拿大的飞机非常舒适。

3．在定语从句中，基于意义上的需要，可以在some，any，few，several，many，all，both，none，neither，either，each，enough，half，one，two等词之后接of whom或of which。

In the room there are lots of people，many of whom I don't know.

房间里有很多人，其中很多我不认识。

三、由关系副词when，where，why引导的定语从句

1．when代替时间，在从句中作时间状语；where代替地点，在从句中作地点状语；why代替原因，在从句中作原因状语。它们的含义相当于"介词＋which"结构，因此常常和此结构交替使用。

There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

北京是我的出生地。